Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide (NADH) plays a role in the chemical processes that generate energy in the body. It also improves mental clarity, alertness, concentration, and memory.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a precursor to NADH, improves insulin sensitivity, controls blood sugar, eye function, mitochondrial metabolism, and gene expression.

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) also activates NADH anti-aging effects and helps with high cholesterol, high blood pressure, dementia, and obesity.

When all are combined, they repair and maintain the mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell that is responsible for the production of ATP, the "energy molecule," that provides energy to the body. The mitochondria is also responsible for calcium homeostasis, regulation of innate immunity, metabolism